Explosive-engine.



.PATENTBD DEG. 1,1903 0. R. DABLLENBAGH.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

, APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29. 1902.

H0 MODEL.

NrrEn STATES Patented December l, 1903.

PAT NT -FFICE.

CHARLES R. DAELLENBACH, OF PARKGATE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO H. C.FRICKE, J; FLANNERY, AND G. E. TURNER, OF PITTSBURG, PENN- SYLVANIA,ANDJOSEPH M. 'FLANNERY, OFBRADDOCK,PENNSYLVANIA.

EXPLOSI VE-ENGlN E;

ilECIl-ICATION formingpart of- Letters Patent No. 745,422, datedDecember 1, 1903. Application filed September 29,1902. smart. 125,341.(No model.)

To a whont. it na/y concern:

Be it known thatI, CHARLES R. DAELLEN- EACH, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residing at Parkgate,in the county of Lawrence and State ofPennsylvania, have invented'new and useful Improvements inExplosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in explosive-engines, and has forits general object to provide a plural-cylinder. explosive-engine whichis reliable in operation and is calculated to develop great power inproportion to the amount of fuel consumed.

The invention will be fully understood from the following descriptionand claims when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure 1 is a vertical section of a plural-cylinder engine-constituting one embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2, a section taken atright angles to Fig. 1 and in the plane indicated by the broken line 2 2of said figure; Fig. 3, a detailed section taken in the plane indicatedby the broken line 3 8 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 a detailed section of amodification.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in Figs. 1 to3 of the drawings. 1

The illustrated embodiment of my invention comprises two cylinders A B,arranged side by side. The cylinder A is divided by a piston G intochambers D and E, and'the cylinder B by a piston F into chambers G andHi The pistons are connected so as to move in concert or synchronously,preferably throughthe medium of a crank-shaft I, journaled in thecylinders and also in a sleeve J, interposed between the same, andpitmen K, interposed between the cranks of the shaft and the pistons.

interposed between and connecting the chambers D G, which are theexplosion or expansion chambers of the engine, is a passage L, the endof which adjacent to the chamber G is preferably disposed downwardly, as

shown, in order to cause explosive mixture to take a downward course ,insaid chamber as it is discharged from the'passage. A pas sage M is alsointerposed between the chamber D of the cylinder A and the chamber H- ofcylinder B, while in communication with the said chamber D is a passageN,"Fig. 2,

designed 'to supply the same with fuel or ex- This latter plosivemixture under pressure. passage may lead from any suitable source ofsupply without involving adeparture from the scope of my invention. Iprefer, however, to interpose it between the chambers E and D andprovide it witha port P, designed to be connected with a source of gasor gasolene supply. I also prefer to provide it with a suitableregulating-valve Q, located at a point intermediate of the port P andthe chamber D.

The end of the passage M which communicates with the chamber H ofcylinder 13 is controlled by the piston F, while the end of V the saidpassage which communicates with the chamber D of cylinder A iscontrolled by the piston C, as is also the fuel-supply pas sage N. Thepistons O F are preferably hollow, as illustrated, and the latter ispreferably, although not essentially, provided with a port 3, designedto register with the lower end of the passage M.

The chambers E H of the cylinders A B are provided with ports S for theentry of air and the chamber Gr of the latter cylinder with one or moreexhaust-ports T.

The operation of my improved engine is as follows: lVhen the pistons O Fare nearing the end of their outward stroke, communication isestablished between the passage M and the chambers H and D, and inconsequence air compressed in the chamber H passes to the chamber D,withthe result thatthe products of combustion of the previous explosion :areforced from said chamber D through the passage L into the chamber G andfrom thence through the exhaust ports T, which are then open. From thisit follows that the engine is able to thoroughly clear itself of thepassage N and the chambers E and D, with the result that the chambers Dand G are supplied with fuel or explosive mixture under pressure. Atthis time the pistons C F move inwardly and communication between thepassage N and chamber D, communication between the passage M and thechamber D, and communication between the ports T and the chamber G areclosed in the order named, and the compression rapidly increases untilthe crank-pins reach the dead-center, when the explosive mixture will beignited,

' the pistons forced outwardly, and the operation described repeated.The pistons operate on their inward strokes to draw air into thechambers E H through the ports S, which are preferably controlled by nonreturn valves, (not shown,) while on their outward stroke said pistonsoperate to compress the air in said chambers.

WVhen it is not desired to depend on compression of the fuel to ignitethe same, a hot tube, electric sparker, or other means may be employedfor the purpose without involving a departure from the scope of myinvention.

Incident to the operation of the engine it will be observed thatprecedent to each explosion the expansion-chambers are cleared of allspent gases or products of combustion and then filled with a pureexplosive mixture, and subsequent to each explosion the gases areexpanded to a greater extent than in other engines. The thoroughclearing of the expansion-chambers of spent gases or products ofcombustion, as above described, is materially advantageous,because itprecludes back or premature explosions and assures theexpansion-chambers containing pure explosive mixture above at the timethe explosion takes place, which contributes materially to theefficiency of the engine. It will also be observed that the two pistonsoffer a great amount of surface to the expanding gases at the moment ofthe explosion, with the result that a powerful movement is transmittedto the crankshaft at the time when the pressure is maxi mum and thevalue of the expansion the greatest.

IVhile I prefer to sweep the products of combustion from the chambers DG with a blast of compressed air from the chamber H, I desire itdistinctly understood that a blast of compressed air or other fluid fromany other source of supply may be used for the purpose without involvinga departure from the scope of my invention.

The operation described in the foregoing is the operation of theconstruction shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings.

\Vhen a branch passage M is provided between the lower end of thepassage M and the chamber E and a port R is provided in the.

piston O, as shown in Fig. 4, the operation will be the same as thatdescribed, except that when the ports R R are registered with thebranches at the lower end of the passage hi and also when the pistonsare above said branches the chambers E II will be in communication witheach other. In virtue of this it will be observed that but one port Scontrolled by a non-return valve is necessary to supply both chambers EH with air. I prefer, however, when the branch M and port R are employedto employ both ports S and use some means to temporarily close the oneconnected to the chamber E. Then in the event of the non-return valvecontrolling the other port S becoming choked or disabled the port Sconnected to the chamber E may be opened to said chamber. I also desireit understood that I may when desired provide a valve or cut-off (notshown) in the branch M for 0011- trolling communication between thepassage M and the chamber E.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s-

1. The combination in an explosive-engine, of two cylinders, and pistonsarranged therein, and connected together; one of the cylinders beingdivided by its piston into an expansionchamber and a compression-chamber, and the other cylinder having an expansion-chamberbetween its head and piston, an exhaust-passage connected with theexpansion-chamber of the last-mentioned cylinder, a passage connectingthe two expansion-chambers, a passage intermediate of theexpansion-chamber and compression-chamber of the first-mentionedcylinder, having a port for the admission of gas or gasolene, and apassage connected with the expansion-chamber of the first-mentionedcylinder for supplying said chamber with fiuidpressure.

2. The combination in an explosive-engine, of two cylinders, and pistonstherein; the cylinders being divided by the pistons intoexpansion-chambers and compression-chambers,and the pistons beingconnected together so as to move in concert, a passage intermediate ofthe expansion-cha1nber and the compression-chamber of one cylinder, aport for supplying gas or gasolene to said passage, a passageintermediate of the expansion-chamber of said cylinder and thecompressionchamber of the other cylinder, an exhaustpassage -connectedwith the expansion-cham-.

of two cylinders, and pistons therein; the cylinders being divided bythe pistons into expansion-chambers and compression-chambers, and thepistons being connected together so as to move in concert, a passageintermediate of the expansion-chamber and the compression-chamber of onecylinder, and having its ends arranged to be overrun by the pistontherein, a port for supplying gas or gasolene to said passage, a passageintermediate of the expansion-chamber of said cylinder and thecompression-chamber of the other cylinder, and having its ends arrangedto be overrun by the pistons of the two cylinders, a passageintermediate of the expansion-chambers of the two cylinders, and anexhaust-passage connected with the expansion-chamber of thesecond-mentioned cylinder.

4. The combination in an explosive-engine, of two cylinders, and pistonstherein; the cylinders being divided by the pistons into expansion-cl1an1bers and compression-chambers, the expansion-chambers being incommunication, and one expansion-chamber being connected with thecompression-chambers by separate passages controlled by the pistons, thesaid passages communicating directly with the expansion-chamber, aconnection between the pistons whereby they are caused to move together,an exhaust-port leading directly from one expansion-chamber, one or moreair-inlet ports, and a gas or gasolene inlet port communicating directlywith one of the passages between the compression-chambers and oneexpansion-chamber.

5. The combination in an explosive-engine, of two cylinders, and pistonstherein; the cylinders beingdivided by the pistons intoexpansionchambers and compression -chambers, and the pistons beingconnected together so as to move synchronously or in concert, a

passage intermediate of the expansion-chamber and thecompression-chamber of one cylinder, means for supplying gas or gasoleneto said passage, a passage connected with the expansion-chamber of saidcylinder and also connected with the compression-chambers of bothcylinders, an exhaust-passage connected with one expansion-chamber, apassage con necting the expansion-ch ambers of the two cylinders, andmeans for supplying air to one or both of the compression-chambers.

6. In an explosion-engine, the combination with two cylinders, providedwith a passage conne 3ting the clearance-spaces thereof, one

of said cylinders being provided with a fuelinlet port and the otherwith an exhaust-port, pistons in said cylinders, connected to movesynchronously, and adapted to control said inlet and exhaust ports, oftwo auxiliary compression-chambers, a connection from the cylinderprovided with said inlet-port, to one of said chambers, an independentconnection from said cylinder to the other compressionchamber, and meansfor supplying air to said compression-chambers, substantially asdescribed.

7. In an explosivaengine, the combination with two cylinders, providedwith a passage connecting their clearance-spaces, one of said cylindersbeing provided with a fuel-inlet port and the other with aneXhaust-port, of two auxiliary compressing-chambers, a connection fromone of said chambers opening into the cylinder provided with the saidinletport, a separate connection from the other compression-chamberopening into said cylinder, means for supplying air to saidcompression-chambers and pistons in said cylinders connected to movesynchronously and adapted to control said inlet-port, the openingscommunicating with said connections, and said exhaust-port,substantially as described. p 7

8. In an explosive-engine, the combination with two cylinders providedwith a passage connecting their clearance-spaces, one cylinder beingprovided with a fuel-inlet port, and

the other with an exhaust-port, a connection from the explosion-chamberof the cylinder provided with said inletport, to the other cylinder onrear side of the piston thereof, pistons in said cylinders connected tomove synchronously and adapted to control said ports and the saidconnection, of two auxiliary com pression-chambers, communicating withthe said cylinders on the rear sides of the said pistons, a connectionbetween the cylinderprovided with the said inlet-port and its respectivecompression-cylinder, and means for supplying air to both of saidcompression chambers, substantially as described.

9. In an explosive-engine, the combination with two cylinders providedwith a passage connecting their clearance-spaces, one cylinder beingprovided with a fuel-inlet port and the other with an exhaust-port, twoauxiliary compression-chambers, each communicating with one of saidcylinders on the rear side of the piston, a connection from one of saidchambers to the explosion end of the cylinder provided with thefuel-inlet, a connection be' in said cylinders connected to movesynchronously and adapted to control the said openings in said cylindersand said inlet and eX- haust ports, and means for supplying air to saidcompressing-chambers, substantially as described.

10. In an explosive-engine, the combination with two cylinders providedwith a passage connecting their clearance-spaces, one of said cylindersbeing provided with a fuel-inlet port and the other with anexhaust-port, an auxiliary compression-chamber for each cylinder formedon the rear side of the piston thereof, a connection between thecylinder provided with said inlet-port and one of saidcompression-chan1bers, a separate connection from said cylinder to theother of said compression-chambers, pistons in saidcylinders connectedto movesynchronously and pro-- vided with ports adapted to register withopenings in said cylinders forming part of said connections, saidpistons being adapted to control by their movements said ports andconnections, substantially as described. I

11. In an eXplosive-engine,t-he combination with two cylinders providedwith a passage connecting their clearance-spaces, one of said cylindersbeing provided with a in el-inlet port and the other with anexhaust-port, an auxiliary compressiomchamber for each cylinder formedon the rear side of the piston thereof,

a connection between the cylinder provided with said inlet-port and oneof said compression-chambers, a separate connection from said cylinderto the other of said compressionchambers, pistons in said cylindersconnected to vmove synchronously and provided with ports adapted toregister with openings in said cylinders forming part of saidconnections, said pistons being adapted to control by their movementssaid ports and connections, and deflectors in said pistons adjacent tosaid ports, substantially as described.

12. In an explosive-engine,tl1e combination with two cylinders providedwith a passage connecting the clearance-spaces thereof, one of saidcylinders being provided with a fuelinlet port and with an auxiliaryport having a lead over the inlet-port, the other cylinder beingprovided with an exhaust-port having

